Iitsheyini zothutho(ezikwabizwa ngokuba ziintambo zokubophelela, iintambo zokubophelela, okanye iintambo zokubopha) ziintambo zentsimbi eziqinileyo ezisetyenziselwa ukubopha imithwalo enzima, engaqhelekanga, okanye enexabiso eliphezulu ngexesha lokuthuthwa kwendlela. Zidibene nezixhobo ezifana neentambo zokubopha, iihoko, kunye neentsimbi zokubopha, zenza inkqubo yokuthintela umthwalo obalulekileyo ethintela ukufuduka kwemithwalo, umonakalo, kunye neengozi.
Izicelo eziphambili zezi:
- Ukuqinisekisa ulwakhiwo/izixhobo ezinzima (oovimba, oogandaganda)
- Ukuqinisa iikhoyili zentsimbi, imiqadi yesakhiwo, kunye nemibhobho yekhonkrithi
- Ukuthutha oomatshini, iimodyuli zoshishino, okanye imithwalo emikhulu kakhulu
- Iindawo ezinobungozi obukhulu (imiphetho ebukhali, ubunzima obukhulu, ubushushu/ukungqubana)
Ukubaluleka kokusebenzisa imixokelelwane yezothutho:
- Ukhuseleko:Ithintela ukutshintshela komthwalo okunokubangela ukuqengqeleka okanye ukujijeka.
- Ukuthobela imithetho:Ihlangabezana nemigangatho yezomthetho (umz., i-FMCSA e-USA, i-EN 12195-3 kwi-EU).
- Ukukhuselwa kweMpahla:Inciphisa umonakalo kwimithwalo/iilori.
- Ukusebenza kakuhle kweendleko:Ingasetyenziswa kwakhona kwaye ihlala ixesha elide ukuba igcinwe kakuhle.
Nantsi isikhokelo esibanzi sokuthutha/ukubopha iitsheyini zokukhusela imithwalo yelori, sijongana neengongoma ezithile eziqwalaselwa kakuhle yimizi-mveliso:
| Uphawu | Iitsheyini zoThutho | Iintambo ze-Webbing |
|---|---|---|
| Izinto eziphathekayo | Intsimbi ye-alloy (Amanqanaba G70, G80, G100) | Intambo ye-polyester/nylon |
| Eyona ilungileyo | Imithwalo ebukhali, ubunzima obukhulu (>10T), ukungqubana/ukurhawuzelelwa okuphezulu, ubushushu obuphezulu | Iindawo ezithambileyo, umthwalo olula, |
| Amandla | I-WLL ephezulu kakhulu (20,000+ lbs), ukolula okuncinci | I-WLL (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-15,000 lbs), ukuthamba okuncinci |
| Ukumelana nomonakalo | Iyamelana nokusikeka, ukurhawuzelelwa, ukubola kwe-UV | Isengozini yokusikwa, iikhemikhali, ukufiphala kwe-UV |
| Okusingqongileyo | Iimeko ezimanzi, ezinamafutha, ezishushu, okanye ezirhabaxa | Iindawo ezomileyo nezilawulwayo |
| Iindlela Ezisetyenziswa Ngazo Eziqhelekileyo | Iikhoyili zentsimbi, oomatshini bokwakha, intsimbi enzima yokwakha | Ifenitshala, iglasi, iindawo ezipeyintiweyo |
Umahluko oPhambili:Iitsheyini zibalasele kwimithwalo enzima, erhabaxa, okanye ebukhali apho ukuqina kubalulekile; ulwelwe lukhusela iindawo ezibuthathaka kwaye lulula/kulula ukuluphatha.
A. Ukhetho lweTyathanga
1. Izinto eziBalulekileyo kwiBanga:
-I-G70 (Uthotho lwezoThutho): Ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi, ukuguquguquka okuhle.
-I-G80 (Ikhonkco Lokuphakamisa):Amandla aphezulu, aqhelekileyo ekukhuselekeni.
-G100:Umlinganiselo ophezulu wamandla ukuya kobunzima (usetyenziswe kunye nehardware ehambelanayo).
- Soloko ufanisa umgangatho wetsheyini nomgangatho wehardware.
2. Ubungakanani kunye ne-WLL:
- Bala uxinano olufunekayo (ngokwemigaqo efana ne-EN 12195-3 okanye i-FMCSA).
- Umzekelo: Umthwalo we-20,000 lb udinga uxinzelelo lwe-≥5,000 lbs ngetsheyini nganye (4:1 security factor).
- Sebenzisa iitsheyini ezine-WLL ≥ ebalwe ngoxinzelelo (umz., i-5/16" G80 chain: WLL 4,700 lbs).
B. Ukukhetha izixhobo
- Izibophelelo:
IiRatchet Binders: Uxinzelelo oluchanekileyo, ukuphathwa okukhuselekileyo (kulungele imithwalo ebalulekileyo).
IiLever Binders: Ziyakhawuleza, kodwa zinomngcipheko wokubuyela umva (zifuna uqeqesho).
- Iihoki/Izincamathiselo:
IiHooks zoKubamba: Qhagamshela kwiikhonkco zetsheyini.
IiSlip Hooks: I-Anchor kwiindawo ezizinzileyo (umz., isakhelo selori).
IiC-Hooks/Clevis Links: Zezixhobo ezikhethekileyo zokuncamathisela (umz., amehlo e-steel coil).
- Izixhobo: Izikhuseli zomphetho, iimonitha zokuxinana, iikhamandela.
C. Uqwalaselo oluKhethekileyo loMthwalo
- Oomatshini Bokwakha (umz., uMvubukuli):iitsheyini ze-G80 (3/8"+) ezinee-ratchet binders;Vikela imizila/amavili + iindawo zokuncamathisela; thintela intshukumo yokunxibelelana.
- Iikhoyili zentsimbi:iitsheyini ze-G100 ezinee-C-hooks okanye ii-chocks;Sebenzisa "umfanekiso-8" wokufaka imisonto ngeliso le-coil.
- Imiqadi yoLwakhiwo:Iintambo ze-G70/G80 ezine-dunnage yomthi ukuthintela ukutyibilika;Ikhonkco elinqamlezileyo kwii-engile ≥45° ukuze kubekho uzinzo ecaleni.
- Iipayipi zekhonkrithi: Iziphelo ze-chock + iitsheyini phezu kwepayipi kwii-engile ezingama-30°-60°.
A. Ukuhlolwa (Ngaphambi/Emva Kokusetyenziswa Ngakunye)
- Iikhonkco zeChain:Yala ukuba: Yoluliwe ≥3% yobude, imifantu, amaqhuqhuva angaphezulu kwe-10% yobubanzi bekhonkco, i-weld splatter, ukubola okukhulu.
- Iihoki/Amakhamandela:Yala ukuba: Ijijekile, umqolo unyuka ngaphezulu kwe-15%, uqhekeke, ukungabikho kweendawo zokhuseleko.
- Izibophelelo:Yala ukuba: Isiphatho/umzimba ogobileyo, iipawls/iigiya ezigugileyo, iibholti ezikhululekileyo, umhlwa kwindlela yokusebenza kweeratchet.
- Jikelele:Jonga ukuba akukho kugqwala kwiindawo zokudibanisa (umz., apho itsheyini ichukumisa khona umthwalo);Qinisekisa iimpawu ze-WLL ezifundekayo kunye nezitampu zenqanaba.
B. Izikhokelo zokutshintsha
- Ukutshintshwa Okunyanzelekileyo:Naziphi na iintanda ezibonakalayo, ukunwebeka, okanye isitampu esisemgangathweni esingafundekiyo;Iihoko/iikhaka ezigobileyo >10° ukusuka kwimo yantlandlolo;Ukwaphuka kwekhonkco leekhonkco ngaphezulu kwe-15% yobubanzi bokuqala.
- Ulondolozo lokuthintela:Thambisa izixhobo zokubopha iiratchet rhoqo ngenyanga;Buyisela izinto zokubopha rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-3-5 (nokuba zilungile; ukuguguleka kwangaphakathi akubonakali);Ukuhlala phantsi emva kweminyaka emi-5-7 yokusetyenziswa kakhulu (ukuhlolwa kwamaxwebhu).
C. Amaxwebhu
- Gcina iirekhodi ezinemihla, igama lomhloli, iziphumo, kunye namanyathelo athathiweyo.
- Landela imigangatho: ASME B30.9 (Slings), OSHA 1910.184, EN 12195-3
Ixesha leposi: Juni-26-2025
